France has movements, not parties, and whoever becomes president will face mass discontent

The first round of the French presidential election has produced the same competition as five years ago. With 23% of the votes (against 21.3% in 2017), the far-right candidate, Marine Le Pen, qualified for a runoff election against the sitting president, Emmanuel Macron, who improved his first-round score from 24% in 2017 to 28%. The leader of the leftist “Unbowed” movement, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, surged to the third position, at 22%, just missing the qualification to the second round.

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